CSS Grid Layout (Introduction)

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Grid Layout

The CSS Grid Layout Module offers a grid-based layout system, with rows and columns, making it easier to design web pages without having to use floats and positioning.

This grid layout contains six columns and three rows:

Grid Elements

A grid layout consists of a parent element, with one or more child elements.

Example

<div class="grid-container">
<div class="grid-item">1</div>
<div class="grid-item">2</div>
<div class="grid-item">3</div>
<div class="grid-item">4</div>
<div class="grid-item">5</div>
<div class="grid-item">6</div>
<div class="grid-item">7</div>
<div class="grid-item">8</div>
<div class="grid-item">9</div>
</div>

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Display Property

An HTML element becomes a grid container when its display property is set to grid or inline-grid.

Example

.grid-container {
display: grid;
}

Example

.grid-container {
display: inline-grid;
}

All direct children of the grid container automatically become grid items.

Grid Columns

The vertical lines of grid items are called columns.

Grid Rows

The horizontal lines of grid items are called rows.

Grid Gaps

The spaces between each column/row are called gaps.

You can adjust the gap size by using one of the following properties:

• column-gap
• row-gap
• gap

Example

The column-gap property sets the gap between the columns:

.grid-container {
display: grid;
column-gap: 50px;
}

Example

The row-gap property sets the gap between the rows:

.grid-container {
display: grid;
row-gap: 50px;
}

Example

The gap property is a shorthand property for the row-gap and the column-gap properties:

.grid-container {
display: grid;
gap: 50px 100px;
}

Example

The gap property can also be used to set both the row gap and the column gap in one value:

.grid-container {
display: grid;
gap: 50px;
}

Grid Lines

The lines between columns are called column lines.

The lines between rows are called row lines.

Refer to line numbers when placing a grid item in a grid container:

Example

Place a grid item at column line 1, and let it end on column line 3:

.item1 {
grid-column-start: 1;
grid-column-end: 3;
}

Example

Place a grid item at row line 1, and let it end on row line 3:

.item1 {
grid-row-start: 1;
grid-row-end: 3;
}

All CSS Grid Properties

Property	Description
column-gap	Specifies the gap between the columns
gap	A shorthand property for the row-gap and the column-gap properties
grid	A shorthand property for the grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns, grid-template-areas, grid-auto-rows, grid-auto-columns, and the grid-auto-flow properties
grid-area	Either specifies a name for the grid item, or this property is a shorthand property for the grid-row-start, grid-column-start, grid-row-end, and grid-column-end properties
grid-auto-columns	Specifies a default column size
grid-auto-flow	Specifies how auto-placed items are inserted in the grid
grid-auto-rows	Specifies a default row size
grid-column	A shorthand property for the grid-column-start and the grid-column-end properties
grid-column-end	Specifies where to end the grid item
grid-column-gap	Specifies the size of the gap between columns
grid-column-start	Specifies where to start the grid item
grid-gap	A shorthand property for the grid-row-gap and grid-column-gap properties
grid-row	A shorthand property for the grid-row-start and the grid-row-end properties
grid-row-end	Specifies where to end the grid item
grid-row-gap	Specifies the size of the gap between rows
grid-row-start	Specifies where to start the grid item
grid-template	A shorthand property for the grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns and grid-areas properties
grid-template-areas	Specifies how to display columns and rows, using named grid items
grid-template-columns	Specifies the size of the columns, and how many columns in a grid layout
grid-template-rows	Specifies the size of the rows in a grid layout
row-gap	Specifies the gap between the grid rows